In the Hellenistic period (323 BCE – 31 BCE), cultural ideals of masculinity were very different from modern expectations. A small and proportionate penis was considered a sign of reason, self-control, and intellect. Excessively large genitalia were associated with lust, foolishness, or barbarism.
As a result, sculptures of gods, heroes, and idealized men were deliberately depicted with modest proportions, emphasizing virtue and mental strength over physical exaggeration. The aesthetic reflected philosophical values, not anatomical realism.